Grammar in primary school

The grammar of the Polish language is considered to be one of the most difficult. The structure of the sentence and the correct inflection of words can be quite troublesome. What other topics are students pursuing in the first stages of education?

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1. Grammar: parts of speech

The different parts of speech are: verb, noun, adjective, numeral and pronouns. They answer the questions:

• verb - what does it do? what's the matter with him what condition is he in?
• noun - who? What?
• adjective - what? what? what? which? which? which? whose? whose? whose?
• numeral - how many? which one in turn?
• pronouns - answer the questions of those parts of speech they are replacing

The invariant parts of speech are adverb, proverbial pronoun, preposition, conjunction, exclamation point, and particle.

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2. Syntax of the Polish language

Syntax is the science of constructing utterances. The subject of her interest are the components of the notice and the ways of combining them.

The parts of the sentence are:

• additive (what? what? what? whose? whose? whose? which? which? which? which? how much? what? from what?)
• subject (who? what?)
• verdict (what is it doing? what is happening to it? in what state is it?)
• complement (Who? What? Who? Why? Who? What? Who? What? About who? About what?)
• adverb (how? where? when? from? why? why? how long? after what?)

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The subject and the predicate form a principal relationship.

The entity group is the entity and the words that describe it. On the other hand, the predicate group consists of the judgment and the words that define it.

The utterance may take the form of a sentence (contain a personal verb) and a sentence equivalent (eg Sleep!). A single sentence contains one judgment. A single undeveloped sentence includes a verb or a subject and a verb, but without terms, eg Pomidory mature. The compound sentence contains two or more judgments.

Notices may be:

• declarative
• questioning
• imperative
• exclamation marks

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3. How to analyze multiple complex sentences?

Multiple complex sentences, which contain more than two component sentences, are the most difficult to analyze. Their analysis is carried out in the following steps:

• Step 1. Extract and number the sentences (constituent parts)
• Step 2. Examine the relationships between the individual component sentences
• Step 3. Find the parent sentence.
• Step 4. Remember: we ask with the main sentence and we answer with the subordinate sentence.

4. Grammar at school

In primary school, children at various stages of education learn, among others:

• recognize parts of speech in utterances (verb, noun, adjective, adverb, numeral, pronoun, preposition, conjunction, particle, exclamation mark) and define their functions in the text,
• distinguish parts of speech that are different from the invariant ones,
• see the role of the verb in the utterance and distinguish perfective and imperfect verbs,
• recognize case forms, numbers, persons, times, modes and grammatical gender,
• transform the structure of the passive and active voice,
• name parts of a sentence and recognize their syntactic functions in utterances (subject, predicate, object, additive, adverb).